Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis following COVID-19 in an Adolescent.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic disease that causes vasculitis in various organs. Although the mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear, infection has been reported to be a causative factor. We herein report a case of GPA that developed following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in an adolescent girl. One month after contracting mild COVID-19, the patient had facial allodynia, a fever, and weight loss and was admitted for multiple nodular shadows on a chest roentgenogram. GPA was diagnosed based on pathological findings of the lung and nasal mucosal biopsies. She received methylprednisolone and rituximab, and her symptoms and radiological findings improved.

Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Case Series.

CASE PRESENTATION: An acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an acute deterioration that can occur at any time and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. We herein report three patients with ILD who experienced acute respiratory failure after SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccination. All the patients were male; the mean age was 77 years. They had a smoking history that ranged from 10 to 30 pack-years. Duration from the vaccination to the onset of respiratory failure was 1 day in two patients and 9 days in one patient. In an autopsied case, lung pathologic evidence indicated diffuse alveolar damage superimposed on usual interstitial pneumonia. In the other two cases, CT scans showed diffuse ground-glass opacities and subpleural reticulation, which suggests acute exacerbation of ILD. Two patients were treated successfully with high-dose methylprednisolone. Although benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks associated with uncommon adverse events, patients with chronic lung diseases should be observed carefully after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Older Adults' Resilience Against Impact of Lifestyle Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Older adults were expected to experience a decline in physical activities and an increase in social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We investigated the changes in living conditions of 508 older adults (79.70 years ± 0.88) before (from July to December 2019) and during (in August 2020) the pandemic. We compared the mean score for the same individual instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), frequency of going out, exercise, and social interaction at two-time points. We also examined the influence of living arrangement (living alone or not) on the frequency of exercise and social interaction. Results: The frequency of going out decreased during the pandemic (in 2020); however, there was no significant change in IADL. The frequency of exercise and social interaction increased irrespective of the living arrangement. The frequency of exercise increased more in those living alone. Conclusions: Although older adults refrained from going out, they compensated for the risks of inactivity in daily life by increasing or maintaining their frequency of exercise and social interactions. The view that "older adults have a poor ability to accommodate the lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic" may be a stereotypical assumption.

Older Adults’ Resilience Against Impact of Lifestyle Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Older adults were expected to experience a decline in physical activities and an increase in social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We investigated the changes in living conditions of 508 older adults (79.70 years ± 0.88) before (from July to December 2019) and during (in August 2020) the pandemic. We compared the mean score for the same individual instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), frequency of going out, exercise, and social interaction at two-time points. We also examined the influence of living arrangement (living alone or not) on the frequency of exercise and social interaction. Results: The frequency of going out decreased during the pandemic (in 2020);however, there was no significant change in IADL. The frequency of exercise and social interaction increased irrespective of the living arrangement. The frequency of exercise increased more in those living alone. Conclusions: Although older adults refrained from going out, they compensated for the risks of inactivity in daily life by increasing or maintaining their frequency of exercise and social interactions. The view that “older adults have a poor ability to accommodate the lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic” may be a stereotypical assumption.